{"id":125,"date":"2016-05-19T11:16:54","date_gmt":"2016-05-19T18:16:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.evergreen.edu\/vms-spring\/?p=125"},"modified":"2016-06-05T11:23:34","modified_gmt":"2016-06-05T18:23:34","slug":"protoperdinium-pellucidum","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sites.evergreen.edu\/vms-spring\/protoperdinium-pellucidum\/","title":{"rendered":"Protoperidinium pellucidum"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"contentsContainer\">\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"contents\">\u00a0Description And Feeding Habits<\/h3>\n<p><span id=\"E89\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0A dinoflagellate cell globular, polygonal, or extended into apical and <\/span><span id=\"E91\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\">antapical<\/span><span id=\"E93\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\"> horns; cingulum more or less median; thecal plates usually thick and often strongly ornamented; heterotrophic pallium feeding; very important in marine plankton. (Refs <\/span><span id=\"E95\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\">Balech<\/span><span id=\"E97\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\"> 1988; Jacobson &amp; Anderson 1986, 1992). They typically are between 220- 300 Micro-meters and 150 Micro-meters wide at full size. Interestingly enough their color depends on their diet. Their typical habitats are coastal and oceanic environments. They range from warm temperate to tropical waters. They typically are in waters that range from 5- 23 degrees C and 31- 36 PPM in salinity. The <\/span><span id=\"E99\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\">protoperidinium<\/span><span id=\"E101\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\"> reproduces both sexually and asexually (<\/span><span id=\"E103\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\">Guiry<\/span><span id=\"E105\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\">, Michael D., 2015).<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"contents\">\n<p id=\"E107\"><span id=\"E108\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0This <\/span><span id=\"E110\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\">mi<\/span><span id=\"E111\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\">crozoo<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignleft  wp-image-166\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.evergreen.edu\/vms-spring\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/209\/2016\/05\/NAPProtop-e1463679392530-300x290.png\" alt=\"NAPProtop\" width=\"181\" height=\"175\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.evergreen.edu\/vms-spring\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/209\/2016\/05\/NAPProtop-e1463679392530-300x290.png 300w, https:\/\/sites.evergreen.edu\/vms-spring\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/209\/2016\/05\/NAPProtop-e1463679392530-768x742.png 768w, https:\/\/sites.evergreen.edu\/vms-spring\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/209\/2016\/05\/NAPProtop-e1463679392530-1024x990.png 1024w, https:\/\/sites.evergreen.edu\/vms-spring\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/209\/2016\/05\/NAPProtop-e1463679392530-945x914.png 945w, https:\/\/sites.evergreen.edu\/vms-spring\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/209\/2016\/05\/NAPProtop-e1463679392530-600x580.png 600w, https:\/\/sites.evergreen.edu\/vms-spring\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/209\/2016\/05\/NAPProtop-e1463679392530.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 181px) 100vw, 181px\" \/>plankton<\/span><span id=\"E113\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\"> <\/span><span id=\"E115\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\">Protoperidinium<\/span><span id=\"E117\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\"> <\/span><span id=\"E119\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\">p<\/span><span id=\"E120\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\">ellucidum ( tentative ID)<\/span><span id=\"E122\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\"> is a pallium feeder, and captures to digest phytopl<\/span><span id=\"E123\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\">ankton cells (Jacobson and Ander<\/span><span id=\"E124\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\">son<\/span><span id=\"E125\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\">,<\/span><span id=\"E126\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\"> 1986). They feed by extruding their cytoplasm out of their theca in the form of a pseudopodium and engulfing their prey. After eating their prey it retracts it<\/span><span id=\"E127\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\">self back in <\/span><span id=\"E128\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\">(<\/span><span id=\"E130\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\">Jackobson<\/span><span id=\"E132\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\"> and Anderson, 1986<\/span><span id=\"E133\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\">)<\/span><span id=\"E134\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\">. <\/span><span id=\"E135\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\">Phytoplankton cells are less abundant than smaller-sized\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\">cells so they search for specific prey. After passing a n<\/span><span id=\"E136\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\">earby potential food item, the <\/span><span id=\"E138\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\">P<\/span><span id=\"E139\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\">rotoperdinium<\/span><span id=\"E141\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\"> circles around the source several times without even making contact with it. This behavior suggests there is some type of chemoreception used to recognize the potential food item (Edward J.\u00a0<\/span><span id=\"E143\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\">Buskey<\/span><span id=\"E145\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\">, 1997).<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=kgKyyB_nN10&amp;feature=youtu.be\">My animation shows this part of the life cycle<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Nap01 001 01\" width=\"676\" height=\"507\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/kgKyyB_nN10?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>How This Species Could Be Represented As a Part Of Our Social Society<\/h3>\n<p>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The way I see how a Protoperdinium could be represented in our society could be business owners. They would wear nice suits and circle around the little guys (phytoplankton) who are working to create oxygen for everyone (through photosynthesis). As these workers are doing their job and working, the bosses or owners show up in their nice suits, check on the progress of the employee and devour them accordingly. Business owners reap the benefits of the their workers labor with just small management organization of details. As their is a food chain order that must be held in the sea, same can be said for a business. The small guys will do the heavy lifting, everyone above them will benefit and the top guys ultimately get the biggest and best bite.<\/p>\n<h3>\u00a0<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignleft  wp-image-806\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.evergreen.edu\/vms-spring\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/209\/2016\/05\/CEO-225x300.jpg\" alt=\"CEO\" width=\"320\" height=\"427\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.evergreen.edu\/vms-spring\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/209\/2016\/05\/CEO-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/sites.evergreen.edu\/vms-spring\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/209\/2016\/05\/CEO-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/sites.evergreen.edu\/vms-spring\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/209\/2016\/05\/CEO-600x800.jpg 600w, https:\/\/sites.evergreen.edu\/vms-spring\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/209\/2016\/05\/CEO.jpg 900w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 320px) 100vw, 320px\" \/><\/h3>\n<h4>Literature Cited<\/h4>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id=\"contentsContainer\">\n<div id=\"contents\">\n<p id=\"E151\"><span id=\"E152\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\">M.D. <\/span><span id=\"E154\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\">Guiry<\/span><span id=\"E156\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\"> in <\/span><span id=\"E158\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\">Guiry<\/span><span id=\"E160\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\">, M.D. &amp; <\/span><span id=\"E162\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\">Guiry<\/span><span id=\"E164\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\">, G.M. 2016.<\/span><span id=\"E165\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman qowt-stl-apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span id=\"E167\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman qowt-stl-Emphasis\">AlgaeBase<\/span><span id=\"E169\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\">. Mol Ecol 19:2933\u201348; World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway.<\/span><\/p>\n<p id=\"E170\"><span id=\"E171\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\">Encyclopedia of Life (EOL). 2012.<\/span><span id=\"E172\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman qowt-stl-apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span id=\"E174\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman qowt-stl-Emphasis\">Protoperidinium<\/span><span id=\"E176\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman qowt-stl-Emphasis\"> <\/span><span id=\"E178\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman qowt-stl-Emphasis\">oceanicum<\/span><span id=\"E180\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman qowt-stl-apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span id=\"E181\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\">(<\/span><span id=\"E183\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\">Vanhoffen<\/span><span id=\"E185\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\">) <\/span><span id=\"E187\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\">Balech<\/span><span id=\"E189\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\"> 1974<\/span><\/p>\n<p id=\"E190\"><span id=\"E191\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\">Behavioral components of feeding selectivity of the heterotrophic dinoflagellate <\/span><span id=\"E193\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\">Protoperidinium<\/span><span id=\"E195\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\"> <\/span><span id=\"E197\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\">pellucidum<\/span><span id=\"E199\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\"> in Marine Ecology Progress Series<\/span><span id=\"E200\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\"> (Edward <\/span><span id=\"E202\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\">Buskey<\/span><span id=\"E204\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\">)<\/span><span id=\"E205\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\"> \u00b7 January 1997<\/span><\/p>\n<p id=\"E206\"><span id=\"E207\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\">Jacobson DM, Anderson DM (1986) <\/span><span id=\"E209\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\">Thecate<\/span><span id=\"E211\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\"> heterotrophic dinoflagellates: feeding behavior and mechanisms. J <\/span><span id=\"E213\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\">Phy<\/span><span id=\"E215\" class=\"qowt-font3-TimesNewRoman\">&#8211; c01 22:249<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3300,"featured_media":183,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false},"categories":[25,4],"tags":[9,11,10],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.evergreen.edu\/vms-spring\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/125"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.evergreen.edu\/vms-spring\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.evergreen.edu\/vms-spring\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.evergreen.edu\/vms-spring\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3300"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.evergreen.edu\/vms-spring\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=125"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/sites.evergreen.edu\/vms-spring\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/125\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.evergreen.edu\/vms-spring\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/183"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.evergreen.edu\/vms-spring\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=125"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.evergreen.edu\/vms-spring\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=125"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.evergreen.edu\/vms-spring\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=125"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}